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Night shift work has turned out to be an international requirement in various sectors in the healthcare industry, transport, security and manufacturing. Nevertheless, there is an emerging body of evidence that suggests that nighttime employment could be very dangerous and that its effects can be quite unnoticeable. Human body is predetermined by the circadian rhythm, and the violation of this natural biological clock may influence physical, mental, and emotional health. Recent research has centered on the long term effects and impacts night shift workers are exposed to where it is evident that they are facing increased risks of chronic illnesses, sleep disorders, and poor work productivity. This paper examines the most recent discoveries concerning the health hazards of night shift workers and their need to be aware of it. For related stories and expert advice, see our Work-Life Balance section.
Understanding the Impact of Night Shift Work
Working on night shifts compels the body to be active during the time when it is intended to be resting. This incompatibility of the internal rhythms with the work schedules results in what experts term, circadian misalignment. This discrepancy may over time cause a cascade of health issues, which is experienced in various body systems. Scientists who have been investigating night shift employees have realized that consistent exposure to late night work schedules can lead to heightened levels of stress hormones, poor sleep quality as well as derailing metabolic functions. With industries increasingly becoming dependent on 24/7 operations, these effects have become critical especially to the employers and employees.
Read Also: Strategies Built on Routine: Balancing Family Life and Shift Work
Increased Risk of Chronic Diseases
The association of night shift work and chronic illnesses is one of the key issues that current research has identified. Employees with a very high frequency of working overnights are more likely to develop diseases like diabetes, hypertension, and heart diseases. The abnormal sleep-wake rhythm influences the insulin level, blood pressure, and heart operation. Moreover, extended exposure to Artificial light at night may inhibit melatonin which is a hormone that regulates sleep and is a heart protective hormone. These results underline the necessity to prevent the risks of impairing the long-term health with preventive measures.
Mental Health Challenges and Sleep Disorders
The night shift workers are likely to have sleeping problems or insomnia, as well as having problems in keeping up regular sleep patterns. The body process of natural alertness to rest is disrupted as workers are trying to take sleep during day. Research findings indicate that most of them suffer too much fatigue, irritability, lack of concentration, and mood swings. In the long run, chronic sleep deprivation can expose oneself to anxiety and depression. Researchers also assume that sleeping deprivation can influence decision-making skills and reaction speed that can cause accidents at a work place or poor performance in a high-risk job like healthcare or transportation.
Metabolic and Digestive Issues
There is also a higher susceptibility to digestive health of night shift workers. Consumption of meals at abnormal times interferes with the smooth running of the digestive system. Indigestion, acid reflux, and irregular bowel movements are some symptoms that many workers complain of. Studies also show that workers on night shifts are more likely to take more caffeine, sweetened foods or fast foods to remain awake which enhances bad digestive health and weight loss. These habits can eventually result in metabolic syndrome, which is a complex of disorders that are connected with high blood pressure, high sugar level, and fat deposits.
Strategies to Minimize Health Risks
Even though it is not possible to avoid the work at night shift, the implementation of healthier habits can greatly lessen the risks. The specialists advise to keep a regular sleep schedule, make a dark and quiet sleeping area, drink a lot of water, and eat healthy food at late hours. Organizations may also assist the workers through responsible rotation of shifts, regular health check ups and awareness programs on sleep hygiene and stress management.
